What characterized Amsterdam in the 17th century?

In the 17th century, Amsterdam emerged as a prominent and wealthy center of commerce, which played a critical role in the Dutch Golden Age. This period marked a significant expansion of trade and economic power for the Netherlands, particularly for Amsterdam, which developed into one of the world's leading ports. The city became a hub for international trade, attracting merchants and traders from across Europe and beyond due to its strategic location and extensive trade networks.

Amsterdam's wealth stemmed from various factors, including the establishment of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, which was the first of its kind and facilitated the growth of capitalism. The city was also known for its shipbuilding industry and played a vital role in maritime trade, which was further enhanced by the Dutch East India Company. This economic prosperity fostered a flourishing cultural scene, making Amsterdam a center for art and innovation.

In contrast, the other options suggest characteristics that do not align with the historical context of 17th-century Amsterdam. It was far from being a small fishing village, as the city's population grew significantly during this period, and it was instead a cosmopolitan urban center. Additionally, while military strategy was certainly important during the era, particularly given the context of conflicts like the Anglo-Dutch Wars, it was not