What role did the Order of Santiago play in its founding?

The Order of Santiago played a crucial role in the context of the Reconquista, the period during which Christian kingdoms in Spain sought to reclaim territory from Muslim rule. Founded in the late 12th century, the Order's primary objective was to fight Muslim forces and secure safe passage for Christian pilgrims traveling to holy sites. This mission was particularly important during a time when such pilgrimages were often perilous due to the ongoing conflicts and the presence of hostile forces.

By focusing on the defense of Christian pilgrims and engaging in military actions against the Spanish Muslims, the Order helped facilitate the spread of Christianity in the Iberian Peninsula. Its efforts were instrumental not only in reclaiming land but also in consolidating Christian power and influence in the region, making the Order of Santiago an important military and religious institution during this transformative era in Spanish history.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately represent the primary function or historical significance of the Order of Santiago during its founding.