Which monarch established Versailles as the royal residence and seat of government?

Louis XIV is credited with establishing Versailles as the royal residence and the center of government for France. This transformation began in the 1660s when he made significant expansions and renovations to the original hunting lodge built by his father, Louis XIII, turning it into a grand and luxurious palace. Versailles became not only a symbol of royal power and opulence but also a political tool, as Louis XIV sought to consolidate his authority and control the nobility by bringing them to the palace.

The choice of Louis XIV underscores his influence on the cultural and political landscape of France during the 17th century, as well as the establishment of a court life that epitomized the absolute monarchy. His reign is often referred to as the Golden Age of France, marked by achievements in art, architecture, and culture, all centered around the majestic palace of Versailles.